Snake Pets In Nigeria| Breeds, Feeding, Tips, Pros And Cons

As interest in exotic pets continues to grow, snake ownership in Nigeria has become increasingly popular among pet lovers seeking something beyond the ordinary. Many Nigerians are discovering the fascinating world of reptiles and learning that snakes can be calm, intelligent, and surprisingly easy to maintain. However, successful snake ownership goes beyond curiosity, it requires understanding, responsibility, and proper care. Mygotovet provides guidance, products, and veterinary insight to help reptile enthusiasts start and manage this exciting journey responsibly.

Understanding Snake Ownership in Nigeria

Before bringing a snake home, it’s essential to understand the local regulations governing exotic pet ownership. In Nigeria, the Wild Animals (Captive Animals) Regulations of 1975 guides how individuals can keep exotic or protected animals. This law requires owners to obtain a Captive Animal Licence, which is usually valid for one year.

The licensing process ensures that only responsible individuals care for reptiles under safe and humane conditions. The fee varies depending on the type of snake, but it’s a necessary step in proving you can provide proper housing, nutrition, and veterinary attention. Mygotovet encourages every new reptile owner to start their journey legally to prevent fines or animal welfare issues.

Popular Snake Breeds for Pet Owners in Nigeria

If you’re new to snake ownership in Nigeria, it’s wise to start with species known for their calm temperament and easy maintenance. These include:  

• Ball Python
• Black African House Snake
• Corn Snake
• Kenyan Sand Boa
• California Kingsnake
• Rosy Boa
• Western Hognose Snake

1. The Ball Python

The Ball Python, also known as the Royal Python, is one of the most popular pet snakes worldwide. Native to West and Central Africa, it’s small, docile, and easy to handle. When frightened, it curls into a tight ball, hence its name. This defensive behavior makes it less likely to bite, which is perfect for first-time owners.

Ball Pythons are also culturally significant in parts of Nigeria, particularly among the Igbo people, who regard them with deep respect. In captivity, these snakes are available in a wide range of color morphs, over 7,000 varieties exist today. However, it’s important to choose healthy morphs and avoid those known to have genetic defects, such as the “spider” morph, which can cause neurological issues.

Want to learn how to keep snakes? Talk to a snake and reptile veterinarian now

2. The Black African House Snake 

Another excellent choice for beginners is the Black African House Snake. Non-venomous and highly adaptable, this snake is smaller and more terrestrial than the Ball Python. Adults grow to about 2–4 feet, and their calm demeanor makes them easy to handle.

They are also visually stunning, displaying a color range from deep black to pale brown depending on mood and lighting. Captive-bred specimens are widely recommended over wild-caught ones since they are healthier, easier to tame, and less prone to stress-related illnesses.

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3. Corn Snake 

The Corn Snake is loved worldwide for its calm personality and bright color morphs. Although native to North America, it adapts well to Nigeria’s climate with proper enclosure control. Corn snakes are gentle, rarely bite, and feed easily on frozen-thawed rodents. Their manageable size (3–5 feet) makes them a great starter pet.

4. Kenyan Sand Boa

Small but charming, the Kenyan Sand Boa is a burrowing species native to East Africa. Females reach about two feet, while males stay smaller. They spend most of their time underground, which means less visibility but easier maintenance. Their striking orange and brown patterns make them visually appealing, and their calm demeanor makes them perfect for beginners.

5. California Kingsnake 

The California Kingsnake is famous for its striking banded pattern and curious nature. It’s hardy, easy to feed, and thrives in well-ventilated enclosures. However, since it can occasionally be nippy when young, regular gentle handling helps it become docile over time. These snakes are perfect for intermediate keepers seeking an active, colorful pet.

6. Rosy Boa

A cousin of the Kenyan Sand Boa, the Rosy Boa is small, slow-moving, and very tolerant of human handling. It grows between 2–4 feet and thrives in arid setups with minimal humidity. Its simple diet, long lifespan, and calm nature make it an underrated but highly rewarding pet snake.

7. Western Hognose Snake 

If you want a small, expressive snake with a personality, the Western Hognose Snake is ideal. Its upturned nose gives it a cute, cartoon-like appearance, and it’s famous for dramatic defensive behaviors like “playing dead.” Despite its bluffing, it’s harmless and easy to care for, making it a hit among reptile lovers.

 The Right Diet for a Healthy Pet Snake

Feeding is one of the most critical parts of snake ownership in Nigeria. Snakes are carnivores that thrive on whole prey, typically small rodents like mice or rats.

• Diet: Young snakes eat smaller prey such as baby mice (pinkies), while adults feed on adult mice or rats. Quail can occasionally be added for variety.

• Frequency: Juveniles eat every 5–7 days, while adults can eat every 10–14 days.

• Frozen-Thawed Feeders: Instead of feeding live prey, it’s safer and more humane to offer frozen-thawed rodents. This prevents injury to your pet and simplifies feeding time.

• Preparation: Defrost prey in the fridge overnight, then warm it slightly in water before serving. Always use feeding tongs to avoid accidental bites.

Snakes, particularly Ball Pythons, sometimes refuse food. This can happen during shedding, breeding season, or when stressed. When that occurs, stay calm, adjust the temperature or humidity, and avoid frequent handling. If refusal persists, consult Mygotovet for professional guidance.

Setting Up the Perfect Pet Snake Space in Your Home

Proper habitat design is crucial to ensure comfort and longevity. A snake’s enclosure should mimic its natural environment as closely as possible.

• Size: The enclosure should allow the snake to stretch fully, ideally three to six feet long.

• Temperature Gradient: Create a warm side (30–32°C) and a cool side (24–26°C) using heat lamps and thermostats.

• Humidity: Maintain humidity at around 60% for Ball Pythons and slightly lower for House Snakes. Increase humidity to 80% during shedding periods.

• Lighting: Snakes benefit from a UVB light source that helps them synthesize vitamin D3, essential for bone health.

• Hides and Décor: Provide at least two hiding spots, one on the warm end and one on the cool end along with branches or logs for climbing.

• Substrate: Use materials like aspen shavings or coconut fiber to maintain proper humidity. Avoid rough substrates that can cause scale injuries.

  Keeping the enclosure clean is also essential. Replace substrate regularly, disinfect accessories, and provide fresh water daily.

Handling and Behavior Tips for Snake Pet Owners

While snakes are fascinating, they’re also shy creatures. Always handle your pet calmly and confidently. Support its entire body rather than grabbing or restraining it. Limit handling sessions to about 10–15 minutes, especially for younger snakes, and never handle them within 48 hours after feeding to avoid regurgitation.

Most importantly, recognize signs of stress. Rapid tongue flicking, hissing, or defensive curling means your pet needs a break. Over time, consistent and gentle handling will help your snake grow more comfortable and trusting.

Pet Snake Health Concerns and Veterinary Care

Snakes, like all pets, need regular health checks. Common conditions include Respiratory Infections, Metabolic Bone Disease, and mite infestations. Early detection is crucial because reptiles tend to hide symptoms until they’re quite sick.

If your snake exhibits wheezing, frequent soaking, or lethargy, reach out to a certified reptile vet. In cities like Abuja and Lagos, exotic pet specialists, often listed through Mygotovet’s directory can diagnose and treat reptile ailments professionally. Regular vet visits every 6–12 months help ensure your snake remains healthy and thriving.

Pros and Cons of Snake Ownership

Like all pets, keeping snakes has both advantages and challenges.

Pros

• Low maintenance once the setup is correct

• Long lifespan (up to 30 years for Ball Pythons)

• Gentle temperament and easy handling

• Minimal daily care required

Cons

• High initial setup cost

• Feeding difficulties (occasional hunger strikes)

• Specific temperature and humidity requirements

• Limited daytime activity (they’re mostly nocturnal)

Nevertheless, with patience and proper care, snakes can be rewarding companions for years.

Start Your Reptile Journey Responsibly with Mygotovet

Owning a snake is an exciting and fulfilling experience when done right. From getting licensed to setting up the perfect habitat, each step brings you closer to understanding these fascinating creatures. Whether you choose a Ball Python or a Black African House Snake, consistency, patience, and proper care are key.

Ready to start your reptile journey?  Find a Vet  among our  certified reptile vets or simply signup to Talk to a Vet and learn how to care for your pet reptiles the right way.

Frequently Asked Questions on Snake Pets 

1. Is it legal to own a pet snake in Nigeria?

Yes, it is legal to own a pet snake in Nigeria, but you must first obtain a Captive Animal Licence under the Wild Animals (Captive Animals) Regulations, 1975. This license ensures that the snake is kept humanely and safely. The permit is valid for one year and can be revoked if the animal’s welfare is compromised. Always verify your snake’s source and ensure it’s not a protected or endangered species.

2. What type of snakes can I legally keep as pets in Nigeria?

In Nigeria, non-venomous species like the Ball Python, Black African House Snake, and Corn Snake are the most suitable and commonly kept pet snakes. These species are easy to care for, safe to handle, and legal when properly licensed. Avoid venomous snakes or wild-caught species without authorization.

3. How much does a pet snake cost in Nigeria?

The cost of a pet snake in Nigeria varies depending on the breed and availability. On average, Ball Pythons or House Snakes can cost between ₦60,000 to ₦220,000, while exotic imports like Corn Snakes or Kenyan Sand Boas can range from ₦300,000 to ₦500,000. Prices exclude enclosure, heating, and feeding setup. 

4.  What do snakes eat, and how often should they be fed?

Pet snakes mainly eat whole prey, such as mice, rats, or chicks. Juvenile snakes should be fed every 5–7 days, while adults eat every 10–14 days. Always feed prey that’s slightly wider than the snake’s head. Using frozen-thawed prey is recommended over live feeding to avoid injury or infection.

5.  How big should a snake enclosure be?

The size of your snake’s enclosure should match its length. Generally, a vivarium should be at least as long as the snake to allow full-body stretching. For example, a 4-foot Ball Python should be housed in a 4×2×2 ft enclosure. Proper heating, humidity, and hiding spots are essential for comfort and health.

6.  Are pet snakes dangerous?

Most pet snakes in Nigeria, like Ball Pythons and House Snakes, are non-venomous and harmless. They only bite when threatened or stressed. With proper handling and husbandry, they make calm and docile companions. However, owners must respect their boundaries and learn correct handling techniques.

7.  Can I keep more than one snake together?

It is not advisable to keep snakes together, even of the same species. Snakes are solitary by nature, and cohabiting can lead to stress, disease transmission, or cannibalism. Always house each snake in a separate, secure enclosure.

8.  How long do snakes live as pets?

Pet snakes can live surprisingly long lives. For instance, a Ball Python can live 20–30 years, while Corn Snakes and Rosy Boas live around 15–20 years with good care. Proper diet, humidity, and temperature regulation significantly extend their lifespan.

9.  Where can I find exotic animal vets in Nigeria?

Reptile owners in Nigeria can access virtual care from verified veterinarians via Mygotovet.